HST Current http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1990-037B http://archive.stsci.edu/hst/index.html 115 2500 nm NASA ESA Visible, near-ultraviolet, and near-infrared observations of the cosmos and planetary objects. First of NASA's Great Observatories. JWST In development http://www.stsci.edu/jwst/ 5000 26000 nm NASA ESA CSA A large infrared telescope with a 6.5-meter primary mirror. Launch is planned for 2013. DXS Past http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=DXS http://heasarc.gsfc.nasa.gov/docs/dxs/archive/dxs_archive.html 420 840 nm NASA X-ray spectra of the diffuse soft X-ray background radiation in the Milky Way Galaxy. IUE Past http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1978-012A http://archive.stsci.edu/iue/index.html 115 320 nm NASA ESA SERC Ultraviolet observations of selected targets. AGILE Current http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=2007-013A http://www.roma2.infn.it/research/comm2/agile/ 0.030 50 GeV ASI Gamma-ray detection of AGN flaring activity, gamma-ray bursts, pulsars, new transients, solar flares, and cosmic ray interactions in the Galaxy. CGRO Past http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1991-027B http://cossc.gsfc.nasa.gov/archive/index.html 0.030 30000 MeV NASA Gamma-ray studies of high-energy sources and processes including gamma-ray bursts and blazars. The second of NASA's Great Observatories. INTEGRAL Current http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=2002-048A http://www.sciops.esa.int/index.php?project=INTEGRAL 0.015 10 MeV ESA Gamma-ray spectroscopy, imaging, and accurate positioning of cosmic gamma-ray sources. HEAO 1 Past http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1977-075A http://heasarc.gsfc.nasa.gov/docs/heao1/archive/heao1_archive.html 0.2 10000 keV NASA X-ray and low-energy gamma ray source survey. Vela 5B Past http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1969-046E http://heasarc.gsfc.nasa.gov/docs/vela5b/archive/vela5b_archive.html 3 750 keV USAF Gamma-ray and X-ray study of the celestial sphere. Suzaku Astro-E2 Current http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=2005-025A http://heasarc.gsfc.nasa.gov/docs/astroe/astroe2.html 0.4 700 keV NASA ISAS High-resolution X-ray spectroscopy of black holes, and supernovae, and other extended objects. Ginga Past http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1987-012A http://heasarc.gsfc.nasa.gov/docs/ginga/archive/ginga_archive.html 1 400 keV ISAS X-ray time variability study of active galaxies (e.g., Seyfert galaxies, BL Lac objects, and quasars). HETE 2 Current http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=2000-061A http://heasarc.gsfc.nasa.gov/docs/hete2/hete2.html 0.5 400 keV NASA X-ray sky survey and multiwavelength observations of gamma-ray bursts. Beppo-SAX Past http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1996-027A http://heasarc.gsfc.nasa.gov/docs/sax/shp_archive.html 0.1 300 keV ASI NIVR X-ray spectroscopy and time variability studies of celestial sources. RXTE XTE Current http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1995-074A http://heasarc.gsfc.nasa.gov/docs/xte/xhp_archive.html 2 250 keV NASA X-ray study of temporal and broad-band spectral phenomena associated with compact objects. Swift Current http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=2004-047A http://swift.gsfc.nasa.gov/docs/swift/archive/ 10 150 keV NASA X-ray study of the afterglow of gamma-ray bursts. Einstein HEAO 2 Past http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1978-103A http://heasarc.gsfc.nasa.gov/docs/einstein/archive/heao2_archive.html 0.2 20 keV NASA X-ray imaging and spectrographic studies of targeted sources and studies of the diffuse X-ray background. Uhuru SAS-A Past http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1970-107A http://heasarc.gsfc.nasa.gov/docs/uhuru/archive/uhuru_archive.html 2 20 keV NASA X-ray sky survey. Studies of the structure of extended sources. Astro 1 Past http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=ASTRO-1 http://archive.stsci.edu/astro/ 0.3 12 keV NASA Ultraviolet and X-ray observations of selected targets. ASCA Past http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1993-011A 0.4 10 keV ISAS NASA X-ray spectroscopy of astrophysical plasmas with emphasis on the iron K band, and imaging of extended sources. Copernicus OAO 3 Past http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1972-065A http://archive.stsci.edu/copernicus/ 0.5 10.0 keV NASA Ultraviolet and x-ray survey mission. Chandra Current http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1999-040B http://asc.harvard.edu/cda/ 0.1 10 keV NASA X-ray imaging and spectroscopy of high energy regions in the universe. The third of NASA's Great Observatories. XMM-Newton Current http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1999-066A http://heasarc.gsfc.nasa.gov/docs/xmm/xmmhp_archive.html 0.2 10 keV ESA X-ray investigation of emission characteristics of cosmic sources. ROSAT Past http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1990-049A http://heasarc.gsfc.nasa.gov/docs/rosat/rhp_archive.html 0.1 2.5 keV NASA BMBF SERC X-ray survey mission; x-ray imaging and spectroscopy of selected targets. EUVE Past http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1992-031A http://archive.stsci.edu/euve/index.html 7 76 nm NASA Extreme ultraviolet full-sky survey and spectroscopic observations of selected targets. CHIPS Past http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=2003-002B http://chips.ssl.berkeley.edu/chips.html 9 26 nm NASA Extreme ultraviolet all-sky spectroscopy of the diffuse background. ORFEUS Past http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1993-058C http://archive.stsci.edu/orfeus/index.html 40 125 nm DARA NASA Ultraviolet spectroscopic observations. Astro 2 Past http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=ASTRO-2 http://archive.stsci.edu/astro/ 42.5 320 nm NASA Ultraviolet observations of selected targets. FUSE Past http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1999-035A http://archive.stsci.edu/fuse/ 90.5 118.7 nm NASA Far-ultraviolet study of the cosmic abundance of deuterium, and the hot gas content of our galaxy. GALEX Current http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=2003-017A http://www.galex.caltech.edu/ 130 300 nm NASA Ultraviolet mission to explore the origin and evolution of galaxies and the origins of stars and heavy elements. Hipparcos Past http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1989-062B http://astro.estec.esa.nl/SA-general/Projects/Hipparcos/research.html 375 750 nm ESA Optically accurate measurements of trigonometric parallaxes, proper motions, and positions of selected stars. SOFIA In development http://sofia.arc.nasa.gov/ 300 1000000 nm NASA DLR Infrared observations of the universe from an airborne observatory. IRTS Past http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1995-011A http://www.ir.isas.ac.jp/irts/irts_E.html 1000 1000000 nm ISAS Infrared astronomy observations emphasizing cosmology, interstellar matter, late type stars and interplanetary dust. COBE Past http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1989-089A http://lambda.gsfc.nasa.gov/product/cobe/ 1250 10000000 nm NASA Infrared and microwave measurements of the cosmic infrared background and the cosmic microwave background. 2 MASS Past http://www.ipac.caltech.edu/2mass/overview/access.html 1250 2170 nm NSF NASA Near-infrared large-area sky survey; ground-based. ISO Past http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1995-062A http://www.ipac.caltech.edu/iso/iso.html 2500 240000 nm ESA Infrared, detailed study of selected galactic and extragalactic sources. Spitzer Current http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=2003-038A http://www.spitzer.caltech.edu/ 3000 180000 nm NASA Infrared search for brown dwarfs and protoplanets, study ultraluminous galaxies, and conduct deep surveys. Fourth of NASA's Great Observatories. MSX Past http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1996-024A http://irsa.ipac.caltech.edu/applications/MSX/ 4200 26000 nm BMDO Infrared mapping of the Galactic Plane and the Large Magellanic Cloud. IRAS Past http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1983-004A http://irsa.ipac.caltech.edu/Missions/iras.html 12000 100000 nm NASA SERC NIVR Infrared full-sky survey. Herschel FIRST Current http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=2009-026A http://sci.esa.int/science-e/www/area/index.cfm?fareaid=16 0.60 0.67 mm ESA Far-infrared and submilimeter photometry and spectroscopy probing the formation of stars and galaxies. Planck Current http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=2009-026B http://sci.esa.int/science-e/www/area/index.cfm?fareaid=17 0.33 10 mm ESA Microwave mapping of the structure of the cosmic microwave background. MSAM TopHat Past http://topweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/ 0.4 4.4 mm NASA Infrared and microwave study of the cosmic microwave background radiation. SWAS Past http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1998-071A http://irsa.ipac.caltech.edu/Missions/swas.html 0.55 0.61 mm NASA Submillimeter study of interstellar clouds and how stars and planets form. WMAP MAP Current http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=2001-027A http://wmap.gsfc.nasa.gov/ 3.3 13.6 mm NASA Microwave measurement of the temperature of the microwave cosmic background radiation. HALCA Past http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1997-005A http://www.vsop.isas.ac.jp/ 1.7 23 GHz ISAS Radio imaging of astronomical sources in coordination with ground-based radio observatories. Space Very Long Baseline Interferometry mission. NVSS Past http://www.cv.nrao.edu/nvss/ 1.4 1.4 GHz NRAO Radio continuum survey; ground-based. Hakucho CORSA-B Past http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1979-014A 0.1 100 keV ISAS The first X-ray astronomy Japanese satellite. Tenma Astro-B Past http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1983-011A 0.1 60 keV ISAS NASA The second Japanese X-ray astronomy satellite. EXOSAT Past http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1983-051A 0.05 50 keV ESA X-ray observations of active galactic nuclei, stellar coronae, cataclysmic variables, white dwarfs, X-ray binaries, clusters of galaxies, and supernova remnants. Granat Past http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=1989-096A 2 100000 keV RKA Russian dedicated X-ray/gamma ray astronomy mission in collaboration with other European countries. Fermi GLAST Current http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=2008-029A http://fermi.gsfc.nasa.gov/ 0.010 300000 MeV NASA Observations of active galactic nuclei, gamma ray bursts, neutron stars, cosmic rays, supernova remnants, and other sources of gamma rays. GP-B Gravity Probe-B Past http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=2004-014A http://einstein.stanford.edu/ 0.0000001 100000000000 Hz NASA Tests of Einstein's General Theory of Relativity. WISE Wide-field Infrared Survey Mission Current http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraftDisplay.do?id=2009-071A http://wise.ssl.berkeley.edu/ 3400 22000 nm NASA Infrared full-sky survey.