NSSDCA ID: 1985-056A-06
Mission Name: GiottoThe purpose of the investigation is to measure and study the three-dimensional distributions of electrons and ions, as well as the ion composition, in the vicinity of Halley's comet. These studies will help to determine: (1) the nature of the comet tail and the solar wind interaction with the comet; (2) the chemical and physical nature of the cometary atmosphere and ionosphere; and (3) the chemical and physical structure of the cometary nucleus. The instrument consists of two major units, a symmetric quadrispherical electrostatic analyzer (ESSA) for electrons and a positive ion composition analyzer (PICCA). ESSA covers the energy range 10 eV - 30 keV with a resolution of 0.1 and has a field of view (FOV) of 360 x 4 deg. It is constructed of two concentric hemispheres with a circular opening, a circular top cap which determines the entrance aperture, and 16 channel-electron-multipliers (CEM) for detectors. The energy range is swept every 0.25 s and the spin period is about 4 s. PICCA consists of an electrostatic deflection plate above the spacecraft skin, a hemispherical ESA, electrostatic optics, and a fast-counting CEM. The mass range measured is 10 - 233 u with a delta M of <1. The FOV is 3 deg x 3 deg and the device has a dynamic range in density from 1.E-3 to 1.E4/cc. More details can be found in "The Copernicus Experiment to Measure Three-Dimensional Electron Distribution and the Composition of Thermal Positive Ions Including Water Clusters near Comet Halley" by Reme et al., in ESA SP-169, June 1981.
Mass: 3.21 kg
Power (avg): 3.4 W
Bit rate (avg): 1.811 kbps
Questions and comments about this experiment can be directed to: Dr. David R. Williams
Name | Role | Original Affiliation | |
---|---|---|---|
Dr. Charles W. Carlson | Co-Investigator | University of California, Berkeley | cwc@ssl.berkeley.edu |
Prof. Kinsey A. Anderson | Co-Investigator | University of California, Berkeley | anderson@ssl.berkeley.edu |
Dr. Arne K. Richter | Co-Investigator | Max-Planck-Institut fur Aeronomie | akrichter@linmpi.mpg.de |
Prof. Robert P. Lin | Co-Investigator | University of California, Berkeley | |
Dr. Axel Korth | Co-Investigator | Max-Planck-Institut fur Aeronomie | korth@linmpi.mpg.de |
Dr. Francis Cotin | Co-Investigator | CNRS Centre d'Etudes Spatiale des Rayonments | francis.cotin@cesr.fr |
Dr. Alan D. Johnstone | Co-Investigator | Mullard Space Science Laboratory | |
Dr. Jean-Andre C. Sauvaud | Co-Investigator | CNRS Centre d'Etudes Spatiale des Rayonments | sauvaud@cesr.fr |
Mr. A. Wekhof | Co-Investigator | University of California, Berkeley | |
Dr. C. d'Uston | Co-Investigator | CNRS Centre d'Etudes Spatiale des Rayonments | |
Dr. Devamitta A. Mendis | Co-Investigator | University of California, San Diego | |
Prof. Henri Reme | General Contact | CNRS Centre d'Etudes Spatiale des Rayonments | henry.reme@cesr.fr |
Prof. Henri Reme | Principal Investigator | CNRS Centre d'Etudes Spatiale des Rayonments | henry.reme@cesr.fr |