Clementine CD-ROM AAREADME File
CLEMENTINE EDR IMAGE ARCHIVE
1. INTRODUCTION
This CD-ROM is part of a volume series that comprise the Archive
of Clementine EDR (Engineering Data Record) Image data products,
associated ancillary data, and software tools. The Clementine EDR
Image Archive contains the collection of raw planetary images
acquired by the Clementine mission. These data are pristine in the
sense that they contain the artifacts and radiometric and geometric
characteristics of unprocessed and uncorrected data. The only
processing performed on the data is to organize and format the data
according to the Planetary Data System (PDS) standards.
The Clementine images were compressed onboard the spacecraft using
a space-hardened Matra chip. The compression enabled acquisition of
many more observations of the Moon. The compression technique
performed "lossy" compression using a Discrete Cosine Transform
(DCT) algorithm. The images were kept in the compressed format when
archived to reduce the total volume of the archive collection.
Software is available on this volume to decompress the image data
products.
The Clementine images are constructed according to the data object
concepts developed by the PDS. By adopting the PDS formats, the
Clementine images will be consistent in content and organization
with the other planetary image collections that have been archived
by the PDS.
Three documents, located in the document directory, contain
essential information about the mission and the data products
contained on the archive. The file EDRSIS.ASC describes the
organization, content, and format of the image data products.
ARCSIS.ASC describes the volume organization and directory
structure, and contains information about the contents of the
ancillary data volumes that will follow this volume series.
VOLINFO.TXT contains a description of the mission, mission phases
and time lines, scientific payload, orbital dynamics, and initial
scientific results.
2. DISK FORMAT
The disk has been formatted so that a variety of computer systems
(e.g. IBM/PC compatible, Macintosh, Sun) may access the data.
Specifically, it is formatted according to the ISO 9660 level 1
Interchange Standard. For further information, refer to the ISO
9660 Standard Document: Reference Number ISO 9660-1988, 15 April
1988. The extended attribute records (XAR) supported by the ISO are
not used in this volume series. The lack of XARs on a file only
affects the VAX/VMS user community. It will be necessary for
VAX/VMS users to use the VMS CONVERT utility to convert document
and text files before they can be satisfactorily accessed. VAX/VMS
users can contact the PDS Imaging Node for support of the
Clementine EDR Archive.
3. FILE FORMATS
Each individual image acquired by the Clementine spacecraft is
contained in its own file. An image file is made up of four parts:
1) a PDS label that describes the image, 2) an image histogram
object containing statistics about the image, 3) a browse image
object containing an uncompressed subsampled version of the image,
and 4) the image object containing the compressed image. (For more
information about the format of the image files, consult the
EDRSIS.ASC file located in the document directory.)
All document files, detached label files, and tables are stored as
ASCII stream-record files. In a stream-record file, records (lines
of text) are separated by a carriage-return [cr] and line-feed [lf]
character sequence. The [cr]/[lf] sequence marks the end-of-record
and the start of a new record. For compatibility with VAX/VMS
systems, each line is a fixed-length of 80 characters. Bytes 79 and
80 of each line contain the [cr][lf] sequence. This organization
works well for the Microsoft-DOS systems because the [cr]/[lf]
sequence is identically used on these systems. On Macintosh
systems, an end-of-record mark is simply a [cr] character.
Macintosh text editors can read and access these files, but a
special-character indicator will mark the "extraneous" [lf]
character at the beginning of each line. On UNIX systems, an end-
of-record mark is simply a [lf] character. UNIX text editors can
read and access these files, but a special-character indicator will
mark the "extraneous" [cr] character at the end of each line. File
names with extension "TAB", "LBL", "ASC", "TXT", and "CAT" are
formatted as ASCII stream-record files. In addition to the standard
ASCII text file format used for documentation files, some
documentation files may additionally exist in other forms to
facilitate easy access to these files. File names with extension
"DOC" are formatted as Microsoft Word Version 6.0 documents. File
names with extension "EPS" are formatted as Encapsulated PostScript
files.
Tabular files are formatted so that they may be read directly into
many database management systems of various computers. All fields
are separated by commas, and character fields are enclosed in
double quotation marks ("). Character fields are left justified,
and numeric fields are right justified. The "start byte" and
"bytes" values listed in the labels that describe the tabular files
do not include the commas between fields or the quotation marks
surrounding character fields. The records are of fixed length, and
the last two bytes of each record contain the ASCII [cr]/[lf]
characters. This scheme allows a table to be treated as a fixed-
length record file on computers that support this file type and as
a normal text file on other computers.
PDS labels are object-oriented. The object to which the label
refers (IMAGE, BROWSE_IMAGE, IMAGE_HISTOGRAM, TABLE, etc.) is
denoted by a statement of the form:
^object = location
in which the carat character (^) indicates that the object starts
at the given location. In an embedded label, the Clementine EDR
image archive uses the form:
^object = n [BYTES]
where "n" points to the starting byte location of the object. (The
first byte in a file is designated as byte location 1.) For
detached labels (labels existing in their own file) the object
location is signified as:
^object = "file.nam"
In this form, the object of the label description exists in the
file named "file.nam". For a description of the PDS object label
specifications, consult JPL document D-7669.
4. CD-ROM CONTENTS
The files on this CD-ROM are organized starting at the top-level
directory called the [root] directory. Below the [root] directory
is a directory tree containing the data files, documentation, index
files, and software. In the table, shown below, directory names are
enclosed in square brackets ([...]), upper-case letters indicate an
actual directory or file name, lower-case letters indicate the
general form of a set of directory or file names.
DIRECTORY/FILE CONTENTS
[root]
|
|-AAREADME.TXT The file you are reading.
|
|-ERRATA.TXT Description of known anomalies and errors
| present on the volume set(optional file).
|
|-VOLDESC.CAT A description of the contents of this
| CD-ROM volume in a format readable by
| both humans and computers.
|
|
|-[DOCUMENT] Directory for documentation. The files in
| | this directory describe the mission,
| | imaging instruments, volume organization,
| | and file naming convention. Please refer
| | to these documents for description of the
| | Clementine EDR Image Archive.
| |
| |-DOCINFO.TXT Description of files in the DOCUMENT
| | directory.
| |
| |-VOLINFO.LBL Label file describing the VOLINFO.DOC and
| | VOLINFO.EPS files.
| |
| |-VOLINFO.TXT Mission overview and instrument
| | description.
| |
| |-VOLINFO.DOC Microsoft Word V6.0A version of
| | VOLINFO.TXT.
| |
| |-VOLINFO.EPS PostScript version of VOLINFO.TXT.
| |
| |-EDRSIS.LBL Label file describing the EDRSIS.xxx files
| |
| |-EDRSIS.ASC Clementine EDR Image Software Interface
| | Specification. Detailed information about
| | format and content of image files.
| |
| |-EDRSIS.DOC Microsoft Word V6.0A version of EDRSIS.ASC.
| |
| |-EDRSIS.EPS PostScript version of EDRSIS.ASC.
| |
| |-ARCSIS.LBL Label file describing the ARCSIS.xxx files
| |
| |-ARCSIS.ASC Software Interface Specification for the
| | Archive of Clementine EDR image products.
| | Contains information about the contents and
| | organization of the Clementine volumes.
| |
| |-ARCSIS.DOC Microsoft Word version of ARCSIS.ASC.
| |
| |-ARCSIS.EPS PostScript version of ARCSIS.ASC.
|
|
|-[INDEX] Directory for the image index files.
| |
| |-INDXINFO.TXT Description of files in [INDEX] directory.
| |
| |-IMGINDX.TAB Image Index table.
| |
| |-IMGINDX.LBL PDS label for the image index table.
| |
| |-IMGINDX.HDR Single line containing header information
| | for each entry in the index. Can be used
| | in spread sheet applications.
| |
| |-MISSINDX.TAB Missing image table.
| |
| |-MISSINDX.LBL PDS label for missing image table.
| |
| |-MISSINDX.HDR Similar to IMGINDX.HDR for missing index
| | file.
| |
| |-REDOINDX.TAB May exist on volume. Used to indicated
| | images that will be processed at a later
| | time. (See ARCSIS.DOC)
| |
| |-REDOINDX.LBL PDS label for redo image index file
| |
| |-REDOINDX.HDR Similar to IMGINDX.HDR for redo index
| | file.
|
|
|-[SOFTWARE] Directory of software elements.
| |
| |-SOFTINFO.TXT Description of files in the [SOFTWARE]
| | directory. For more information about the
| | contents of the[SOFTWARE] directory,
| | consult this file.
| |
| |-[PCDOS] Software for IBM/PC compatible computers.
| | |
| | |-[BIN] Executable modules for MS-DOS V6.2.
| | |
| | |-[SOURCE] Source code for MS-DOS applications.
| | |
| | |-[DOC] Documentation for MS-DOS applications.
| |
| |-[MAC] Macintosh System 7 application software.
| | |
| | |-[BIN] BINHEX versions of Mac software.
| | |
| | |-[SOURCE] Source code for Mac software applications.
| | |
| | |-[DOC] Documentation for Mac applications.
| |
| |-[SUNOS] Software for SUN/OS V4.3.1.
| |
| |-[BIN] Executable modules for SUN/OS.
| |
| |-[SOURCE] Source code for SUN/OS applications
| |
| |-[DOC] Documentation for SUN/OS applications
|
|-[LUNxxx] Data directory for lunar orbit 'xxx'.
| | Usually, 3 lunar mapping orbits may exist
| | on each volume. For more information on the
| | directory structure of the volumes, see
| | the ARCSIS.ASC document located in the
| | [DOCUMENT] directory. (see ARCSIS.ASC)
| |
| |-[LUXXXXXX] Images for the UV/VIS camera
| | |
| | |-[LUXXXXXA] Images in these subdirectories are divided
| | | into 10 degree latitude bins on the Moon:
| | |-[LUXXXXXB]
| | | A=-90 to -80, B=-80 to -70, C=-70 to -60
| | |-[LUXXXXXC] D=-60 to -50, E=etc. For more information
| | | (For more information see ARCSIS.ASC in the
| | | document directory.)
| | |-[etc.]
| |
| |-[LNXXXXXX] Images for the NIR camera.
| | |
| | |-[etc.] Same subdirectory structure as UV/VIS.
| |
| |-[LLXXXXXX] Images for the LWIR camera.
| | |
| | |-[etc.] Same subdirectory structure as UV/VIS.
| |
| |-[LHXXXXXX] Images for the HiRes camera.
| | |
| | |-[etc.] Same subdirectory structure as UV/VIS.
| |
| |-[LAXXXXXX] Images for the Star Tracker A camera.
| | |
| | |-[etc.] Same subdirectory structure as UV/VIS.
| |
| |-[LBXXXXXX] Images for the Star Tracker B camera.
| |
| |-[etc.] Same subdirectory structure as UV/VIS
|
|-[ERRATA] This directory reserved for the last volume
| in the series. This directory will contain
| images files that had problems on previous
| volumes.
|
|-[TIMELINE] This directory is a "last minute" addition
| to the volume series. The contents of this
| directory contains Microsoft EXCEL spread
| sheet files for the orbit time lines.
| This directory contains files that are not
| compatible with PDS standards. The contents
| of the files contained in this directory
| will be available in PDS form on the
| ancillary CD-ROM series. (See ARCSIS.ASC)
|
|-TLINFO.TXT Brief description of the contents of the
| EXCEL files.
|
|-TLLUNxxx.XLS Time line for orbit 'xxx'
5. CONTACTS FOR MORE INFORMATION
Additional information about the Clementine EDR Image Archive can
be obtained by contacting:
The PDS Imaging Node
Branch of Astrogeology
United States Geological Survey
2255 North Gemini Drive
Flagstaff, AZ 86002
Internet e-mail: eeliason@sirius.wr.usgs.gov
Telephone: (602) 556-7113
The SPICE ancillary data files, produced by software provided by
the PDS NAIF Node and used for the derivation of the geometry
parameters, were the best available at the time the CD-ROM was
produced. It is anticipated that improvements in some of these
files will be made as further analysis is done. This could include
correcting not-yet-discovered errors and filling in missing data.
It is recommended that persons needing the most complete and
accurate observation geometry contact NAIF for the latest
Clementine SPICE files and, if the user does not already have it,
the NAIF Toolkit software used to access these SPICE data. These
SPICE files and the complete NAIF Toolkit are available on a
companion disk within this PDS volume set. For additional
information about the SPICE files used in the volume series, see
Appendix I of the EDRSIS.DOC file. The NAIF Toolkit and up-to-date
Clementine SPICE kernels can be acquired by contacting:
PDS NAIF Node
MS 301-125L
Jet Propulsion Laboratory
California Institute of Technology
4800 Oak Grove Drive
Pasadena, CA 91109
Internet e-mail: cacton@naif.jpl.nasa.gov
Telephone: (818) 354-3869
6. ERRATA, DISCLAIMER, AND ANOMALIES
Although considerable care has gone into making this volume, errors
are both possible and likely in the software, documentation, and
data files. Users of the data are advised to exercise the same
caution as they would when dealing with any other unknown data set.
Reports of errors or difficulties would be appreciated. Please
contact the PDS Imaging Node at the address shown in Section 5.
An ERRATA.TXT file will be maintained in the [root] directory of
each CD-ROM to report problems with files and software that reside
on the CD-ROMs. Please refer to the ERRATA file in order to
determine where the most current software and updated files are
located.
Inconsistencies may exist between the histogram statistics found in
the image histogram object and the actual image that is
decompressed on your computer platform. Subtle differences in the
floating point hardware among computer platforms may cause the
Density Number (DN) values of a resulting decompressed image to be
occasionally different (within 1 DN) than the decompressed image
used to generate the image histogram object.
Data reviewers have reported confusion about several parameters
that describe geometric information about the observations. The
SUB_SPACECRAFT_LATITUDE, SUB_SPACECRAFT_LONGITUDE,
SPACECRAFT_ALTITUDE, and SUB_SPACECRAFT_AZIMUTH parameters, found
in the image index file (IMGINDX.TAB)and the image file labels, are
referenced with respect to the central body which the spacecraft is
orbiting, not necessarily the target of the observation. During the
lunar mapping phase of the mission, the central body is the Moon.
Thus, if the target is the Earth, the above listed parameters are
referenced with respect to the Moon and not Earth.
Because the image decompression program, CLEMDCMP, requires a
Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) it may take several minutes to
decompress an image on hardware platforms with slow processors.
For example, in tests on a Macintosh IIci, the decompression takes
approximately 4 minutes. In contrast, CLEMDCMP has been tested on
hardware platforms with modern processors, such as an Intel
486DX2/66-MHz, and the decompression takes just several seconds.
The Clementine EDR image files use the PDS label constructs
RECORD_TYPE = "UNK", and ^IMAGE = xxxxx [BYTES] to define the
structure of the file. In addition, a "SFDU" label specification is
not found at the beginning of a label. The labeled image files in
this form are not supported by the current versions of IMDISP and
IMAGE4PDS image display software that are widely distributed by the
PDS. To display Clementine decompressed formatted files use the
version of IMAGE and CLIMDISP programs that are supplied on this
CD-ROM. The CLIMDISP and IMAGE software has been tested only on the
Clementine data products. No attempt has been made to determine if
these versions will work on any other PDS data product.
The xv system, provided on this CD-ROM, is an image display tool
for UNIX systems. The xv software is unable to read Clementine PDS
formatted files. To display Clementine images using 'xv', a user
must first decompress the image using the CLEMDECMP software and
output the file in either a GIF or TIFF format.
The Encapsulated PostScript files, ending with file extension EPS,
were produced by Microsoft Word Version 6.0a. The MS Word documents
were converted using the "write to PostScript file" option in the
print command. The EPS files were tested and satisfactorily written
on a SPARCprinter (Sun/UNIX system) and a HP LaserJet 4 (Microsoft
windows environment). In addition the LaserWriter Font Utility on a
Macintosh was able download the EPS files.
8. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
The design, production, replication, and distribution of the
Clementine EDR Image Archive is the result of a cooperative effort
between the US Naval Research Laboratory and NASA's Planetary Data
System (PDS). The Applied Coherent Technology (ACT) Corporation, in
contract to NRL, was responsible for the development of the
processing system for the production of the archive and produced
the archive data products for delivery to the PDS. ACT personnel
additionally provided software tools that are included on the
archive.
The Planetary Data System provided the funding for the mastering
and replication of the archive for wide distribution to the science
community. The PDS Imaging Node and Central Node supported
the design effort, and developed software tools and ancillary data
files that accompany the archive. The observation geometry
parameters (such as range, latitude and longitude) that are found
in the image index files (IMGINDX.TAB) and the PDS image labels
were produced using software provided by the Navigation and
Ancillary Information Facility (NAIF) at JPL.
The following individuals made substantial contributions to the
successful completion of the Clementine EDR Image Archive:
Erick Malaret (ACT)
Luis Perez (ACT)
Howard Taylor (ACT)
Eric Eliason (PDS Imaging Node, US Geological Survey)
Chris Isbell (PDS Imaging Node, USGS)
Tracy Sucharski (PDS Imaging Node, USGS)
Janet Barrett (PDS Imaging Node, USGS)
Gail Woodward (PDS Central Node, Jet Propulsion Laboratory)
Chuck Acton (PDS NAIF Node, JPL)
Nat Bachman (PDS NAIF Node, JPL)
Mike Spencer (PDS NAIF Node, JPL)
9. RECOMMENDED CD-ROM DRIVES AND DRIVE SOFTWARE
VAX/VMS
Drive: Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) RRD40 or RRD50
Driver: DEC VFS CD-ROM driver V4.7 or V5.2 and up.
Note: The driver software may be obtained from the PDS
Central Node, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, (818)306-6054.
VAX/Ultrix
Drive: DEC RRD40 or RRD50
Driver: Supplied with Ultrix 3.1
Note: Internet users can obtain a copy of the "cdio" software
package via anonymous FTP from the "space.mit.edu"
server in the file named "src/cdio.shar".
IBM/PC
Drive: Toshiba, Hitachi, Sony, or compatible
Driver: Microsoft MSCDEX version 2.2.
Note: The latest version of MSCDEX (released February 1990)
is generally available. Contact PDS Central Node, Jet
Propulsion Laboratory for assistance in locating a
copy.
Apple Macintosh
Drive: Apple cd sc (SONY) or Toshiba.
Driver: Apple CD-ROM driver
Note: The Toshiba drive requires a separate driver, which may
be obtained from Toshiba.
Sun Micro (SunOS 4.0.x and earlier)
Drive: Delta Microsystems SS-660 (Sony)
Driver: Delta Microsystems driver or SUN sr.o Driver.
Note: For questions concerning this driver, contact
Delta Microsystems, (415)449-6881.
Sun Micro (SunOS 4.0.x and later)
Drive: Sun Microsystems
Driver: SunOS sr.o driver
Note: The CD-ROM volume series contains no extended attribute
records (XAR) and so the XAR patch to the SunOS driver
necessary for other PDS compatible CD-ROMs is not
required.